In practice
VAMP consolidated earlier Visa fraud and dispute monitoring into one acquirer-focused program. It combines fraud reports and disputes into a ratio against card-not-present transactions and also addresses enumeration. Thresholds and fees are in Visa's program documents; see the rules timeline and sources.
Common confusion
VAMP is aimed at acquirers, but acquirers pass its consequences to merchants through reserves, fees or remediation plans.
Frequently asked questions
When did VAMP start?
Visa introduced the evolved VAMP in April 2025, consolidating earlier fraud and dispute programs.
Does VAMP apply to merchants or acquirers?
It is an acquirer program, but merchant activity drives the acquirer's ratios, so merchants feel the effects.